How does the rotational speed of the turbine and stator in the hydraulic torque converter change to maintain equilibrium when the load on a forklift decreases?

In a hydraulic torque converter, the rotational speed of the turbine and stator adjusts in response to changes in load on the forklift to maintain equilibrium. When the load decreases, the demand for torque reduces, which causes the turbine's speed to increase because it is no longer required to push against such a heavy load. This increase in turbine speed subsequently leads to a corresponding adjustment in the stator speed to maximize efficiency within the system.

As the load decreases, the fuel flow can also be reduced, so the engine does not have to work as hard to maintain the torque output needed for the new, lower load. The torque converter must constantly adapt the speeds of the turbine and stator to ensure there is no slippage and that the system operates smoothly. In this way, both components can dynamically alter their speeds in response to changes in the load, and in this case, they would slow down together if the total system response was required to maintain operational stability. However, since the demand is lower, the turbine tends to speed up slightly compared to the stator, which remains in a balance of operational efficiency.

This dynamic adjustment helps ensure optimal power transfer and operational efficiency of the forklift under varying conditions, avoiding excessive wear and energy loss.