Which instrument measures the specific gravity of battery electrolyte?

The instrument that measures the specific gravity of battery electrolyte is the hydrometer. A hydrometer operates based on the principle of buoyancy; it is essentially a device that floats in the electrolyte solution. The specific gravity reading is obtained by observing how deep the hydrometer sinks into the liquid. This measurement is essential in assessing the charge level of the battery, as the specific gravity of the electrolyte changes with the state of charge.

Monitoring the specific gravity allows operators to evaluate battery health, performance, and maintenance requirements, making the hydrometer a crucial tool in battery management. Understanding the specific gravity helps in predicting the efficiency and longevity of the battery, which is especially important in applications involving forklift trucks and other machinery that rely on reliable battery power.

The other instruments mentioned serve different functions; voltmeters measure electrical potential, ammeters measure current flow, and manometers measure pressure, none of which are directly used to assess the specific gravity of battery electrolyte.